加工原油儲罐危險性分析 原油儲罐的危險性主要從原油本身具有的危險性和發(fā)生火災事故原因分析。

The danger of crude oil storage tank is mainly from the danger of the crude oil and the cause of the fire accident.

一原油危險性分析

An analysis of the risk of crude oil

原油為甲B類易燃液體，具有易燃性爆炸范圍較窄，但數(shù)值較低，具有爆炸危險性，同時原油的易沸溢性，應在救火工作時引起特別重視。

Crude oil is a B class of flammable liquids, flammable and explosive limit is narrower, but the value is low, explosion has a certain risk, while crude oil is easy to Feiyi, special attention should be paid to the fire fighting work.

二火災爆炸事故原因分析

Analysis of the causes of two fire and explosion accidents

原油的特性決定了火災爆炸危險性是大型原油儲罐主要也是重要的危險因素。發(fā)生著火事故的三個必要條件為：著火源、可燃物和空氣。

The characteristics of crude oil determine that the risk of fire and explosion is the most important and most important risk factor for large crude oil storage tanks. The three necessary conditions for a fire accident are the fire, the combustibles and the air.

著火源

ignition source

The problem of the fire source is mainly solved by strengthening management, and the fire source is forbidden to be brought to the storage area.

可燃物和空氣

Combustibles and air

泄漏的原油暴露在空氣中，即構成可燃物。原油泄漏，在儲運中發(fā)生較為頻繁，主要有冒罐跑油，脫水跑油，設備、管線、閥件損壞跑油，以及密封不良造成油氣揮發(fā)，另外還存在著罐底開焊破裂、浮盤沉底等特大型泄漏事故的可能性。

The leaked crude oil is exposed to the air, which constitutes a combustible. The oil spill, more frequent in storage and transportation, the main oil tank oil run run run, dehydration, equipment, pipeline, valve damage caused by poor sealing and running oil, volatile oil and gas, there is also a possibility of tank rupture, welding and other large floating plate bottom leakage accident.

加工原油儲罐危險性分析腐蝕是發(fā)生泄漏的重要因素之一。國內外曾發(fā)生多起因油罐底部腐蝕造成的漏油事故。

Corrosion is one of the most important factors for leakage. There have been oil leakage accidents caused by the bottom corrosion of oil tanks at home and abroad.

對原油儲罐內腐蝕情況初步調查的結果表明，罐底腐蝕情況嚴重，大多為潰瘍狀的坑點腐蝕，主要發(fā)生在焊接熱影響區(qū)、凹陷及變形處，罐頂腐蝕次之，為伴有孔蝕的不均勻全面腐蝕，罐壁腐蝕較輕，為均勻點蝕，主要發(fā)生在油水界面，油與空氣界面處。相對而言，儲罐底部的外腐蝕更為嚴重，主要發(fā)生在邊緣板與環(huán)梁基礎接觸的一面。